Functional principle of polymer flame retardant.

Flame retardants take place chemical or physical interaction in the solid, liquid or gas, depending on their properties. They prevent the burning heating in particular stage of heating, decomposition, ignition or flame spread interference process.

A flame retardant is an alternative flame retardant mechanism of change necessarily implies. Halogen-containing flame retardants are mainly chemical interference occurs when the radical chain mechanism in the combustion process, a gas phase function. Bromine flame retardant removing energy released during combustion OH and H radicals formed. Although there are many compounds brominated flame retardants, flame retardant mechanism but are basically the same for all compounds. However, a different flame retardant bromide, because such a polymer compound will affect the physical properties of the polymer. Generally, the more the decomposition of aliphatic bromide therefore it is more effective at low temperatures, but the temperature is inferior to an aromatic flame retardant.

Hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and other functions in a variety of processes. Upon heating, the water vapor released from the hydroxide, the substrate is cooled to below the temperature required to sustain combustion. The steam released in the dilution of the gas phase as well, forming a protective layer of an oxygen -substituted. In addition, the oxide layer of insulation also together form a protective layer and coking products. Phosphide major impact on the solid phase reaction occurs. After thermal decomposition, the flame retardant is converted into phosphorous acid, phosphorous acid in the solid phase extraction of the aqueous solution from the hot substrate to coking. However, like some of the phosphite with a halide, the mechanism of free radicals in the gas phase adsorption also.

People interested in going back to the fire-retardant polymer 19th century, when discovered extremely flammable cellulose nitrate and celluloid. In modern society, a large number of conventional plastics such as phenol, rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and a melamine resin having sufficient flame retardancy.

In 1970's, the main flame retardant polymer is a thermosetting plastic, such as unsaturated polyesters and epoxy resins, reactive halides and their use alumina hydrate as an additive. Phosphate ester plasticized PVC, cellulose acetate film, unsaturated polyester and the modified polyphenylene ether also has a great market. Alumina trihydrate (ATH) is an unsaturated polyester largest amount of flame retardant in plastics.
In 1970's, the consumption is much lower than the halogen-containing flame retardants and other additives. The term " halogenated flame retardant " encompasses a wide variety of organic substances, the molecular structure has a chloro or bromo. Bromine and chlorine suppress combustion in organic material. Adding flame retardant plastics and fabrics to meet fire safety requirements.